We begin massekhet
Taanit today with daf TB Taanit 2. There
are only two seasons in Israel. The rainy season in the fall/winter and the dry
season in the spring/summer. Since Israel has no other source of water to
irrigate the crops, rainfall is essential in its due season for a successful
yield. This massekhet deals with the
prayers recited for rain and the fasts that are enjoined when drought threatens
the land.
What is this massekhet
doing here in the Seder Moed, the
Order of Holidays? Unlike all the other massekhtot
in this Seder, the Gemara doesn’t concern itself with a specific holiday like Rosh
Hashanah Yom Kippur, or Sukkot. The first sugiya
of the Gemara answers the above question. “: The Gemara
asks: Where does the tanna of the mishna stand, that
he teaches: From when? The mishna’s opening question indicates that it
has already been established that there is an obligation to mention rain at
this time of the year. Where is this obligation stated?… Rather, the tanna
interrupted a discussion from tractate Rosh HaShana. As we
learned in a mishna there: And on the festival of Sukkot all
creatures are judged for water. Since the tanna taught: And on
the festival of Sukkot all creatures are judged for water,
from which it can be inferred that one should request rain near the time of
this judgment, he taught here: From when does one mention the might
of the rains.” (Sefaria.org translation)
We mentioned rain in the second
blessing of the Amida which praises God’s awesome mighty powers with the words “He
makes the wind blow and the rains fall- מַשִּׁיב הָרוּחַ וּמוֹרִיד הַגֶּשֶׁם” In this blessing we knowledge that God is
the source of life for He revives the dead and provides life giving rain to the
world.
“The Gemara asks: And
from where do we derive that rain must be mentioned specifically in
the Amida prayer? The Gemara answers: As it was taught in
a baraita with regard to the verse: “To love the Lord your God and to
serve Him with all your heart” (Deuteronomy 11:13). Which is the service
of God that is performed in the heart? You must say that this
is referring to prayer. And, afterward, it is written: “And I shall give the
rain of your land in its due time, the first rain and the last rain”
(Deuteronomy 11:14). This juxtaposition teaches that it is appropriate to
request rain while engaged in the service of the heart, i.e., prayer.
The Gemara cites related statements concerning the idea
that rainfall provides evidence of God’s might. Rabbi Yoḥanan said:
There are three keys maintained in the hand of the Holy One, Blessed
be He, which were not transmitted to an intermediary, i.e., God tends to
these matters Himself. And they are: The key of rain, the key of birthing,
and the key of the resurrection of the dead.” (Sefaria.org translation)
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