Today’s daf
TB Shabbat 45 relates a strange and disturbing story. Rav Avya
happened to come to Rava’s house. His feet were dirty with clay and he
put them on the bed before Rava. Rava became angry at him for dirtying the
bed and, therefore, sought to torment him with questions that he could
not answer. Rava said to him: What is the reason that Rabba and Rav
Yosef both said that with regard to a naphtha lamp, too, that it is
permitted to move it? Rav Avya said to him: Since it is suitable to
cover a vessel with it. Rava said to him: But if that is so, all pebbles
in the yard may also be carried ab initio on Shabbat, since
it is suitable to cover a vessel with them. Rav Avya said to him:
There is a distinction between these cases. This, the lamp, the
status of a vessel applies to it and there are leniencies that apply
to vessels with regard to the halakhot of set-aside. These, the
pebbles, the status of a vessel does not apply to it, as they are
a raw material. Carrying them is prohibited unless designated for a specific
purpose before Shabbat. Was it not taught in a baraita that bracelets,
nose-rings and rings, although it is prohibited to go out into the public
domain wearing them on Shabbat, they are like all the vessels that may be
moved in the courtyard; in the private domain, one may move them and they
are not set-aside. And Ulla said: What is the reason that it is
permitted to move nose-rings in the yard? It is because the status of a
vessel applies to it. Apparently, vessel status is sufficient to
permit moving it on Shabbat. Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak said: Thank God that
Rava did not embarrass Rav Avya and Rav Avya managed to successfully
answer Rava’s questions.” (Sefaria.org translation)
I can understand why Rava was upset with Rav Avya because he put his
dirty feet on the bed. What I don’t understand is why he just didn’t ask him to
remove his fee from the bed. That’s what Judy tells me all the time when I
forget to take off my shoes when I’m lying down. What bothers me even more is Rava’s
desire to torment and embarrass Rav Avya. This goes against everything I’ve learned what
yiddishkeit teaches us how we treat one another because we are created in God’s
image, בצלם א-לוהים.
Rav Hisda taught: Great is
human, גדול כבוד הבריות. (TB Shabbat 81) Although we shall study this Mishna in Baba
Metzi’a in greater detail when we reach it in the spring of 2024 God willing, now
is a good time to introduce it. “Just as there is a prohibition
against exploitation [ona’a] in buying and selling, so is there ona’a
in statements, i.e., verbal mistreatment. The mishna proceeds to cite
examples of verbal mistreatment. One may not say to a seller: For how
much are you selling this item, if he does not wish to purchase it.
He thereby upsets the seller when the deal fails to materialize. The mishna
lists other examples: If one is a penitent, another may not say to
him: Remember your earlier deeds. If one is the child of converts, another may
not say to him: Remember the deeds of your ancestors, as it is stated: “And a
convert shall you neither mistreat, nor shall you oppress him” (Exodus 22:20).”TB Baba Metzi’a
58b (Sefaria.org translation)
Since we are all created in God’s image, we must be careful how we
treat and speak to one another.
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