What’s the difference between te-rumat hadeshen and hotza-at hadeshen TB Yoma 24

The Torah in parashat Tzav teaches that the removal of ashes from the altar consists of two separate mitzvot, te-rumat hadeshen and hotza-at hadeshen.

Te-rumat hadeshen

לָבַ֨שׁ הַכֹּהֵ֜ן מִדּ֣וֹ בַ֗ד וּמִֽכְנְסֵי־בַד֮ יִלְבַּ֣שׁ עַל־בְּשָׂרוֹ֒ וְהֵרִ֣ים אֶת־הַדֶּ֗שֶׁן

(תרומת הדשן) אֲשֶׁ֨ר תֹּאכַ֥ל הָאֵ֛שׁ אֶת־הָעֹלָ֖ה עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַ וְשָׂמ֕וֹ אֵ֖צֶל הַמִּזְבֵּֽחַ:

The priest shall dress in linen raiment, with linen breeches next to his body; and he shall take up the ashes to which the fire has reduced the burnt offering on the altar and place them beside the altar.

Hotza-at hadeshen

וּפָשַׁט֙ אֶת־בְּגָדָ֔יו וְלָבַ֖שׁ בְּגָדִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֑ים וְהוֹצִ֤יא אֶת־הַדֶּ֙שֶׁן֙ (הוצאת הדשן

) אֶל־מִח֣וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה אֶל־מָק֖וֹם טָהֽוֹר:

He shall then take off his vestments and put on other vestments, and carry the ashes outside the camp to a clean place. (Leviticus 6:2-3)

The ashes for te-rumat hadeshen are placed next to the altar and the ashes for hotza-at hadeshen are taken out of Jerusalem to a clean place.

Today’s daf TB Yoma 24 asks what is the minimum amount of ashes that must be removed from the altar for te-rumat hadeshen?

“Rabbi Avin raised a dilemma: How much ash must be removed in order to fulfill the mitzva of removal of the ashes? Do we derive it from the teruma of the tithe, the portion that the Levite sets aside for the priest, in which case one hundredth of the total is separated, or do we derive it from the donations that were set aside from the spoils of the war with Midian, where one five-hundredth was taken from the spoils of war (see Numbers 31:28)? Come and hear a teaching with regard to this dilemma. As Rabbi Ḥiyya taught in a baraita that it is stated here: “And he shall take up the ashes” (Leviticus 6:3), and it is said elsewhere, with regard to a meal-offering: “And he shall take up a handful of the choice flour of the meal-offering” (Leviticus 6:8). Just as there, the amount he removes is a handful of flour, so too, here, he removes a handful of ash. The amount of ashes removed from the altar is therefore not a fixed percentage of the total ash.”

Rashi poskins that the minimum amount of ashes removed in place by the altar to fulfill the mitzvah of te-rumat hadeshen is a handful. If the priest wishes to remove more, he may do so. Rashi also adds that this handful is not an exact measurement because we are dealing with hot ash that can burn a person’s hand. Rashi also says that one only removes the ashes from the altar for the purpose of hotza-at hadeshen when needed. Rambam holds that just as one does te-rumat hadeshen every day so too one does hotza-at hadeshen every day.