Today’s daf TB Baba Batra 119 continues
analyzing the daughters of Zelophehad demand to inherit their father’s portion
in the land of Israel since he had no sons. The Gemara explains the key to
their success is their full awareness of God’s laws and the people’s history
and story.
Ҥ The Sages taught: The daughters of
Zelophehad are wise, they are interpreters of verses, and they are
righteous.
"That they are interpreters of verses can be seen from the fact that they were saying: If our father had had a son, we would not have spoken; but because he had no son, we are filling the role of the heir. The Gemara asks: But isn’t it taught in a baraita: They would say, if he had had a daughter, we would not have spoken? Rabbi Yirmeya said: Delete from the baraita here the word: Daughter. As they were themselves daughters, this cannot have been their claim. Abaye said that the baraita need not be emended, and should be understood as follows: Even if there was a daughter of a son of Zelophehad, we would not have spoken, for she would have been the heir.
“That they are righteous can be seen from the fact that they did not rush to marry, but rather waited to marry those fit for them. Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov teaches: Even the youngest to be married among them was not married at less than forty years of age…
“The Gemara
asks: Is that so? But doesn’t Rav Ḥisda say: If a woman marries
when she is less than twenty years old, she is able to give
birth until she reaches the age of sixty; if she marries when she is
twenty years old or older, she is able to give birth until
she reaches the age of forty; if she marries when she is forty
years old or older, she is no longer able to give birth at
all. If so, how could Zelophehad’s daughters have waited until the age of forty
to marry? Rather, since they are righteous women, a miracle was performed
for them,” (Sefaria.org translation)
Because the
Israelite society was patriarchal, the Torah rarely highlights individual
women. The Torah: A Woman’s Commentary underscores how special the
daughters of Zelophehad were! “So important are they that their names are
repeated in full in each episode (Numbers 27 and 36, Joshua 17-gg). The fact
that they receive so much ‘press’ in the Bible is itself proof of their
significance…
“Only three
other cases in the entire Torah describe a legislative process in action: the
case of (1) the blasphemer (Leviticus 24:10-22); (2) those impure for the
Passover sacrifice (Numbers 9:6-14); and (3) the Shabbat violator (15:32-36).
These three narratives describe procedural debates about applying already
existing laws. But only the case of the five sisters show a law actually being
created, not merely applied. Moreover, this law is first proposed by people and
only then confirmed, approved and extended by God as Torah. What perhaps makes
this story most extraordinary and crucially important is that the people greatest
Torah teaching are five women: Mahlah, Noah, Hoglah, Milcah, and Tirzah.” (Page
971)
These women
continually inspire women today to take their rightful place in the Jewish
community and in the study halls where Torah is taught.
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