Tuesday, June 24, 2025

Almost immediately after the Mishna the Gemara spends the next four dappim expounding Aggadah. On daf TB Avodah Zarah 3 we learn about God’s daily schedule.

Rav Yehuda say that Rav says: There are twelve hours in the day. During the first three, the Holy One, Blessed be He, sits and engages in Torah study. During the second three hours, He sits and judges the entire world. Once He sees that the world has rendered itself liable to destruction, He arises from the throne of judgment and sits on the throne of mercy, and the world is not destroyed.

“During the third set of three hours, the Holy One, Blessed be He, sits and sustains the entire world, from the horns of wild oxen to the eggs of lice. During the fourth three hours, He sits and makes sport with the leviathan, as it is stated: “There is leviathan, whom You have formed to sport with” (Psalms 104:26). Evidently, God makes sport every day, not only on that one day. Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak says in explanation: He makes sport with His creations, just as He sports with the leviathan; He does not make sport of His creations but on that day alone… It’s

 “The Gemara asks: If God no longer makes sport (i.e. makes fun of, mocks of the leviyaton-gg), what does He now do during the fourth three-hour period of the day? The Gemara answers: He sits and teaches Torah to schoolchildren, as it is stated: “Whom shall one teach knowledge? And whom shall one make to understand the message? Them that are weaned from the milk, them that are drawn from the breasts” (Isaiah 28:9). The verse is interpreted in the following manner: To whom does God teach knowledge, and to whom does He make to understand the message? To those who are just weaned from the milk and to those who are drawn from the breasts, i.e., children only recently weaned from nursing.” (Sefaria.org translation)  

Because we are created in God’s image, following His example behooves us. Since we are fallible and make mistakes, strict justice would demand our punishment and perhaps returning the world back to utter chaos. Nevertheless, our God is full of compassion towards his creatures and judges us compassionately. Our world is saved from our folly.

We also learn all about God’s schedule. So to speak, God balances personal time (studies Torah), work obligations (judges the world and provides for all creatures’ needs), and spending quality time with His children (teaching them Torah). We would do well by following God’s example and find balance in our lives between personal time, family time, and work as well.

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