Because Passover less than two weeks away I don’t believe that we study about Balaam’s role in the persecution of the Jewish people in Egypt on days daf TB Sanhedrin 106 is a coincidence. Our Gemara is teaching us an important lesson of empathy and speaking out.
The Israelites flourished and multiplied in Egypt. The
Jewish people’s problem in Egypt began when the new king arose. “A new king arose over Egypt who did
not know Joseph. And he said to his people, ‘Look, the Israelite people are
much too numerous for us. Let us deal shrewdly with them, so that they may not
increase; otherwise in the event of war they may join our enemies in fighting
against us and rise from the ground.’” (Exodus 1:8-10) According
to the Gemara, Pharaoh turned to his three counselors, Balaam, Job, and Yitro,
for advice how to deal with his “Jewish Question.” Each advisor responded
differently.
“Rabbi
Ḥiyya bar Abba says that Rabbi Simai says: Three were associates in
that counsel, and they are: Balaam, Job, and Yitro. Balaam, who advised to
drown the newborn males, was killed (for more details about his death, see TB Sanhedrin 106b). Job, who
was silent and was reluctant to express his opinion, was
sentenced to suffer afflictions. And Yitro, who fled after he
disagreed with that counsel and Pharaoh sought to kill him, his descendants
were privileged to sit as scribes in session with the Sanhedrin in the
Chamber of Hewn Stone, as it is stated: “And the families of the scribes who
dwelt in Jabez; the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, the Sucathites. These were
the Kenites who came of Hammath the father of the house of Rechab”
(I Chronicles 2:55). And it is written there with regard to the
identity of the Kenites: “And the children of the Kenite, Moses’
father-in-law, went up from the city of the palm trees” (Judges 1:16).”
(Sefaria.org translation)
“At first
glance it seems difficult to understand why Job was punished. Since Pharaoh was
antagonistic toward the Children of Israel, even if Job would have spoken on
their behalf, nothing would have been accomplished. The proof is that Yitro was
rewarded for running away in protest. Had it been within Yitro’s power to
influence Pharaoh, his response would not have merited reward.
“The Brisker
Rav, Rabbi Yitzkhak Zev Solveitchick, offered a classic explanation. True, Job
knew that speaking out would not change Pharaoh’s mind, but he should have
protested nonetheless, as Yitro did by fleeing. When something hurts, a person
screams. If a person remains silent, it shows that he does not feel pain. Job
was taught this lesson. He would suffer, and although shouting would not help,
he would realize that when one suffers, one cries out. Previously, he should
have felt the suffering of others; now he would feel his own.” (Love Your
Neighbor by Zelig Pliskin, page 128-129)
Undocumented
immigrants, legal immigrants, and even United States citizens have been rounded
up and deported to a notorious prison in El Salvador without the due process of
law guaranteed by the Constitution. The Trump administration has granted itself
the authority to deport Venezuelan migrants accused of being gang members on
the basis of little more than whether they have tattoos or have worn clothing
associated with the criminal organization. Tattoos are astoundingly thin evidence
of gang membership and would be laughed out of court if presented. The
administration has acknowledged it has deported a Maryland man with protected
legal status to a prison in El Salvador because of an “administrative error,”
but lacked the ability to have him released. This administration feels it is
above the law and can do whatever it pleases. No one is safe if the Trump
administration disregards the safeguard of a writ of habeas corpus.
The above is
only one example of injustice. There is not a segment of vulnerable people who
DOGE hasn’t impacted in a negative way. Today’s daf teaches us to empathize with those who are suffering. Remaining
quiet is not an option. Running away is not an option. Our tradition demands
that we empathize, stand up, speak out, and fight for truth, justice, and the
American way.